Ndi mavuto ati omwe ayenera kutsatiridwa posankha mipira 304 yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri?

Kunyamula zitsulo mpira ndi wamba mafakitale zitsulo mpira ntchito kusuntha mbali mu mayendedwe ndi zida zina zamakina.Lili ndi makhalidwe amphamvu kwambiri, kuuma ndi kuvala kukana, kotero kulamulira mwa njira ndi zotsatira zake ndizofunikira kwambiri.Zotsatirazi zidzawonetsa njira yochizira kutentha ndi zotsatira za kunyamula mipira yachitsulo.

Chithandizo cha kutentha chimatanthawuza mndandanda wa njira zamakono kupyolera mu kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa zipangizo kuti zisinthe dongosolo la bungwe ndi katundu wa zipangizo.Njira yochizira kutentha yonyamula mipira yachitsulo nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo masitepe monga kutentha, kuzimitsa ndi carburizing.

Kutentha ndi njira yowotchera mpira wachitsulo wozimitsidwa mpaka kutentha kwina, ndiyeno kuziziritsa mu nthawi yoyenera.Cholinga cha kutentha ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yozimitsa, kuchepetsa brittleness, ndikuwongolera kulimba ndi pulasitiki.Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi nthawi zimatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake ndi zofunikira za mpira wachitsulo wonyamula.Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kapena nthawi yochepa kwambiri, kungayambitse kuwonjezereka kwa kupanikizika kotsalira, kutenthedwa kosakwanira, kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa mpira wachitsulo;Kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kapena nthawi yayitali kwambiri, kumachepetsa kuuma ndi kukana kuvala.Choncho, njira yoyendetsera kutentha ndiyofunika kwambiri.

Kachiwiri, kuzimitsa ndi njira yayikulu yochizira kutentha kwa mpira wonyamula zitsulo, potenthetsa mpira wachitsulo wonyamula kutentha kwambiri, kenako ndikuzizira mwachangu, kuti bungwe lake likhale martensite kapena bainite.Kuzimitsa kumatha kukulitsa kuuma ndi mphamvu ya mpira wachitsulo wonyamula, kuonjezera kukana kwake komanso moyo wautumiki.Sing'anga yozizira munjira yozimitsa nthawi zambiri imakhala mafuta, madzi kapena gasi, ndipo sing'anga yoyenera yozizira imasankhidwa molingana ndi zofunikira za mpira wachitsulo wonyamula.Kutentha kozimitsa, kuthamanga kwa kuzizira ndi kusankha kwa sing'anga yozizira kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zofunikira pa mapangidwe ndi ntchito ya mpira wachitsulo wonyamula.Kutentha kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri kungayambitse ming'alu ndi kupunduka;Kutentha kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kapena kuzizira kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kuuma ndi mphamvu.

Carburizing ndi njira yolimbikitsira pamwamba, ndikuviika mpira wachitsulo wokhala ndi chitsulo chophatikizika chokhala ndi zinthu za kaboni zotenthetsera, kuti zinthu za kaboni zilowe pamwamba pa mpira wachitsulo, kukulitsa kuuma kwake ndi kukana kuvala.Kutentha, nthawi yopangira carburizing ndi kusankha kwa sing'anga ya carburizing zimakhudza makulidwe ndi kuuma kwa wosanjikiza wa carburizing.Kutentha kwambiri kapena nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuphulika, kutentha kwambiri kapena nthawi yochepa kwambiri kumakhudza mtundu ndi zotsatira za wosanjikiza wa carburizing.

Zotsatira za kutentha kwazitsulo zonyamula mipira yachitsulo nthawi zambiri zimayesedwa ndi zizindikiro zina za ntchito, monga kuuma, kukana kuvala, kulimba ndi zina zotero.Mphamvu yabwino yochizira kutentha iyenera kukhala yolimba yachikatikati, kukana kwabwino kovala, ndikuganizira zolimba kuti zitsimikizire moyo ndi kudalirika kwa mpira wachitsulo wonyamula pakugwiritsa ntchito.

Kukhathamiritsa ndi kuwongolera njira zothandizira kutentha ndi zotsatira zimafuna zipangizo zamakono ndi zamakono, komanso ogwira ntchito odziwa bwino ntchito.Pakupanga kwenikweni, m'pofunikanso kusintha ndi kukhathamiritsa malinga ndi zinthu zenizeni ndi ndondomeko zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti khalidwe ndi ntchito ya kubala zitsulo mipira kukwaniritsa miyezo ndi zofunika kasitomala.